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Chapter
4 Process Analysis
61. A professor can grade a quiz in 30 seconds. Over the course of an academic year he has 6 sections of a course with an average of 30 students with 10 quizzes in each section. If he is paid $40 an hour, how much is his annual quiz-grading labor cost to the university?
a. $60
b. $100
c. $600
d. $36,000
62. A professor’s graduate assistant can grade a quiz in 40 seconds. Over the course of an academic year he assists with 6 sections of a course with an average of 30 students with 10 quizzes in each section. If he is paid $8 an hour, how much is his annual quiz-grading labor cost to the university?
a. $60
b. $160
c. $576
d. $576,000
63. A professor can grade a quiz in 2 minutes. Over the course of an academic year he has 6 sections of a course with an average of 25 students with 10 quizzes in each section. If he is paid $40 an hour, how much is his annual quiz-grading labor cost to the university?
a. $250
b. $500
c. $1000
d. $2,000
64. A welder can weld 2 angle irons together in 2 minutes. Over the course of an entire year she will assemble 1,000 units, each of which requires 3 such welds (i.e., welding two angle irons together is one step, and three such steps are needed per unit). If she is paid $25 an hour, how much is her annual welding labor cost?
a. $1,000
b. $1,250
c. $2,500
d. $3,000
65. A welder can weld 2 angle irons together in 2 minutes. Over the course of an entire year he will assemble 1,000 units, each of which requires 2 such welds (i.e., welding two angle irons together is one step, and two such steps are needed per unit). If he is paid $30 an hour, how much is his annual welding labor cost?
a. $250
b. $500
c. $1,000
d. $2,000
66. Highly customized job processes and processes that are highly divergent require the use of:
a. the time study method.
b. the elemental standard data approach.
c. the predetermined data approach.
d. the work sampling method.
67. ________________ estimates the proportion of time spent by people or machines on different activities, based on randomized observations over time.
a. The time study method
b. The elemental standard data approach
c. The predetermined data approach
d. The work sampling method
Chapter 4 · Process Analysis
68. All of the following are steps in setting a time standard using the time study method EXCEPT:
a. consulting cost accounting data.
b. selecting the work elements.
c. determining the sample size.
d. timing the elements.
69. ________________ uses a published database of normal times for a full array of micromotions that make up the elements of task being studied.
a. The time study method
b. The elemental standard data approach
c. The predetermined data approach
d. The work sampling method
Scenario 4.1
Garman observes a worker assembling peanut valves and records the data displayed
in the table.
Time (seconds)
21
25
30
70. Use the information in Scenario 4.1. What is the average time for this job element?
a. 15 seconds
b. 20 seconds
c. 25 seconds
d. 30 seconds
71. Use the information in Scenario 4.1. What is the normal time for this job element if the rating factor is 80%?
a. 15 seconds
b. 20 seconds
c. 25 seconds
d. 30 seconds
72. Use the information in Scenario 4.1. What is the standard time for this job element if the allowance for the process is 25%?
a. 15 seconds
b. 20 seconds
c. 25 seconds
d. 30 seconds
Scenario 4.2
Garman observes a worker assembling peanut valves and records the data displayed
in the table.
Time (seconds)
10
15
20
73. Use the information in Scenario 4.2. What is the average time for this job element?
a. 15.06 seconds
b. 14.92 seconds
c. 13.42 seconds
d. 11.19 seconds
74. Use the information in Scenario 4.2. What is the normal time for this job element if the rating factor is 75%?
a. 15.06 seconds
b. 14.92 seconds
c. 13.42 seconds
d. 11.19 seconds
75. Use the information in Scenario 4.2. What is the standard time for this job element if the allowance for the process is 20%?
a. 15.06 seconds
b. 14.92 seconds
c. 13.42 seconds
d. 11.19 seconds
Scenario 4.3
A job consists of three elements. Twenty observations for each element were timed, and the resulting data are shown in the following table. A performance rating has also been assigned for each element, as shown in the table. The job has an allowance of 15% of normal time.
Element
|
Performance
|
Average Element
|
Rating (%)
|
Time (in minutes)
| |
# 1
|
70
|
3.6
|
# 2
|
110
|
2.5
|
# 3
|
90
|
3.1
|
78. Use the information in Scenario 4.3. What is the normal time for job element #1?
a. Greater than or equal to 3 minutes
b. Less than 3 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.6 minutes
c. Less than 2.6 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.2 minutes
d. Less than 2.2 minutes
79. Use the information in Scenario 4.3. What is the normal time for job element #2?
a. Greater than or equal to 3 minutes
b. Less than 3 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.6 minutes
c. Less than 2.6 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.2 minutes
d. Less than 2.2 minutes
80. Use the information in Scenario 4.3. What is the normal time for job element #3?
a. Greater than or equal to 3 minutes
b. Less than 3 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.6 minutes
c. Less than 2.6 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.2 minutes
d. Less than 2.2 minutes
81. Use the information in Scenario 4.3. What is the normal time for the entire job?
a. Greater than or equal to 10.0 minutes
b. Less than 10.0 minutes but greater than or equal to 8.5 minutes
c. Less than 8.5 minutes but greater than or equal to 7.0 minutes
d. Less than 7.0 minutes
82. Use the information in Scenario 4.3. What is the standard time for the entire job?
a. Greater than or equal to 10.0 minutes
b. Less than 10.0 minutes but greater than or equal to 8.5 minutes
c. Less than 8.5 minutes but greater than or equal to 7.0 minutes
d. Less than 7.0 minutes
Scenario 4.4
A job consists of three elements. Twenty observations for each element were timed, and the resulting data are shown in the following table. A performance rating has also been assigned for each element, as shown in the table. The job has an allowance of 20% of normal time.
Element
|
Performance
|
Average Element
|
Rating (%)
|
Time (in minutes)
| |
# 1
|
80
|
3.6
|
# 2
|
100
|
2.5
|
# 3
|
110
|
3.1
|
83. Use the information in Scenario 4.4. What is the normal time for job element #1?
a. Greater than or equal to 3 minutes
b. Less than 3 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.6 minutes
c. Less than 2.6 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.2 minutes
d. Less than 2.2 minutes
84. Use the information in Scenario 4.4. What is the normal time for job element #2?
a. Greater than or equal to 3 minutes
b. Less than 3 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.6 minutes
c. Less than 2.6 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.2 minutes
d. Less than 2.2 minutes
85. Use the information in Scenario 4.4. What is the normal time for job element #3?
a. Greater than or equal to 3 minutes
b. Less than 3 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.6 minutes
c. Less than 2.6 minutes but greater than or equal to 2.2 minutes
d. Less than 2.2 minutes
86. Use the information in Scenario 4.4. What is the normal time for the entire job?
a. Greater than or equal to 10.0 minutes
b. Less than 10.0 minutes but greater than or equal to 8.5 minutes
c. Less than 8.5 minutes but greater than or equal to 7.0 minutes
d. Less than 7.0 minutes
87. Use the information in Scenario 4.4. What is the standard time for the entire job?
a. Greater than or equal to 10.0 minutes
b. Less than 10.0 minutes but greater than or equal to 8.5 minutes
c. Less than 8.5 minutes but greater than or equal to 7.0 minutes
d. Less than 7.0 minutes
88. Which one of the following statements about work measurement is TRUE?
a. Work sampling is a technique to determine the proportion of time spent on different activities.
b. In determining the normal time for the cycle, using a rating factor less than one (1.0) will increase the total time allowed for a job to be performed, relative to the select time.
c. Performance rating factors are not needed in the derivation of time standards.
d. The time study method is most appropriate for non-repetitive jobs in which the nature of the task differs each time.
89. A time study analyst is attempting to determine the standard time for a work element. She observes a worker performing the work element at a higher-than-average pace. How will this fact be reflected in the time standard that is eventually created?
a. The frequency of the work element per cycle will be increased.
b. The proportion of allowance time will be increased above 1.0.
c. The performance rating factor will be set greater than 1.0.
d. The normal time for the work element will be increased.
90. A manager is interested in setting a time standard for a machining operation. Which one of the following is LEAST likely to be of use?
a. Time-study method
b. Elemental standard data approach
c. Predetermined data approach
d. Work sampling method
91. An advantage of the elemental standard data approach is that there is:
a. a reduction in the number of time studies needed.
b. no need to estimate allowances.
c. no need to use time study methods.
d. no need to estimate the variable characteristics of jobs.
92. Which of the following is not an advantage of the predetermined data approach to work measurement?
a. Standards can be set before production begins.
b. New work methods can be compared without conducting a time study.
c. Performance ratings are not needed to derive standards.
d. The approach is particularly applicable to firms with a flexible flow strategy.
93. Which work measurement technique breaks down tasks into a series of generic micromotions?
a. Time study method
b. Elemental standard data approach
c. Predetermined data approach
d. Work-sampling method
94. When using a work-sampling study:
a. the underlying assumption is that the proportion of time during which the activity is observed in the sample will be the proportion of time spent on the activity in general.
b. the underlying assumption is that small samples of an activity can provide accurate measures of time spent on the activity.
c. an advantage is that the study can normally be concluded in a day or less.
d. the analyst must be highly trained in statistical observation.
95. Work sampling is most often used in situations in which:
a. a time standard is needed for a repetitive job.
b. an estimate of the proportion of the time spent on a particular activity is needed.
c. it is important to keep the sample size down.
d. special training is required for the observer, and stopwatches must be used.
96. A major disadvantage of work sampling is that:
a. observers must be specially trained.
b. only one study can be conducted at a time.
c. it can be used only in hospital settings.
d. a large number of observations are often required.
97. A work sampling method is used to determine the proportion of the time a machine is idle. The following information was gathered on a random basis.
Day
|
No. Times
|
Total No. of
|
Clerk Idle
|
Observations
| |
Monday
|
4
|
12
|
Tuesday
|
2
|
8
|
Wednesday
|
4
|
10
|
Thursday
|
2
|
10
|
What is the proportion of idle time observed for this machine?
a. Less than or equal to 5%
b. Greater than 5% but less than or equal to 15%
c. Greater than 15% but less than or equal to 25%
d. Greater than 25%
98. A work sampling method is used to determine the proportion of the time a worker is idle. The following information was gathered on a random basis.
Time
|
Number of Times
|
Total Number of
|
Clerk Idle
|
Observations
| |
8:00 – 10:00 am
|
2
|
6
|
10:00 am – 12:00 pm
|
3
|
8
|
1:00 – 3:00 pm
|
2
|
7
|
3:00 – 5:00 pm
|
1
|
9
|
What is the proportion of idle time observed for this worker?
a. Less than or equal to 5%
b. Greater than 5% but less than or equal to 10%
c. Greater than 10% but less than or equal to 20%
d. Greater than 20%
99. A work sampling method is used to determine the proportion of the time a worker is idle. The following information was gathered on a random basis.
Day
|
Number of Times
|
Total Number
|
Clerk Idle
|
of Observations
| |
Monday
|
8
|
26
|
Tuesday
|
8
|
32
|
Wednesday
|
7
|
28
|
Thursday
|
7
|
34
|
What is the proportion of idle time observed for this worker?
a. Less than or equal to 5%
b. Greater than 5% but less than or equal to 10%
c. Greater than 10% but less than or equal to 20%
d. Greater than 20%
100. Which one of the following statements about learning curves is TRUE?
a. A learning curve assumes that the direct labor requirements per unit will decrease at an increasing rate as cumulative production increases.
b. Learning at a capital-intensive operation usually will be less than it is for a labor-intensive operation.
c. Learning for a simple product will usually be greater than it is for complex products.
d. Learning curves can be used only for individuals, not for the whole organization.
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