Saturday, 8 November 2014

Chapter 4—Internal Control and Cash- Choose the proper category of internal control activities that ...



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Name:Chapter 4—Internal Control and Cash
Choose the proper category of internal control activities that best matches the following actions. Each actionshould be matched with a different numbered item within the internal controls list.
a. One employee or department should verify the work of another.
h. Specific approval is given by management for the performance of activities.
c. Accounting and cash collections should be properly separated.
d. Blank checks should be stored in a locked location.
e. Initial entry into the accounting system should be from a consistent source with completeinformation.
1. Clearly defined authority and responsibility
2. Segregation of duties
3. Adequate documents and records
4. Safeguards over assets and records
5. Checks on recorded amounts
The following set of items describes activities completed by a company in purchasing and paying for
merchandise and in collecting cash for merchandise sales. For each activity, identify whether or not theactivity adheres to or violates sound internal control procedures.(Choices may be used more than once.)
a. Adheres to sound internal controls
b. Violates sound internal controls
c. Neither strengthens nor violates internal control
6. Although department supervisors can request a preferred supplier or vendor, the purchasing department has theresponsibility for making the final decisions on a vendor.
7. The receiving department compares the quantity of merchandise received with the quantity ordered.
8. Mathematical extensions and footings on purchase invoices are verified before the invoices are paid.
9. Allsupporting documents attached to an invoice are canceled when the check is signed.
10. The clerk in theaccounting department records both purchases and payments of invoices.
11. Checks are signed by the clerk in the accounting department.
12. Amailroom employee opens the mail, countsthe money received, and updates the accounting records for the amount received.
13.An accounting department employee records cash receiptsfrom customers and prepares the bank deposit slips.
14. Cash register tapes are recordeddaily by an employee from the accounting department.
15.An employee from the accounting department compares the cash register tapes with the bank deposits.
16. Monthly statements aremailed to customers to indicate the current balance due.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
17.Which of theassets listed below is considered the most liquid?
a. Accounts receivable
b. Cash
c. Inventory
d. Prepaid insurance
18. According to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, who is primarily responsible for establishing and maintaining asystem of internal control over the company's financial reporting?
a. Management of the company
b. The company's auditor's
c. The company'sinternal auditors
d.The auditcommittee ofthecompany's board of directors

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BIO 230 For Lab Exam II Isolation: Various methods of isolation, their features


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BIO 230 For Lab Exam II
  1. Isolation: Various methods of isolation, their features, pros and cons, and the appropriate use of each method. Know how to perform serial dilutions and calculate bacterial concentration in a given sample. Know the related calculations thoroughly. Be able to use the calculations and/or techniques of isolation in an experiment. Understand the technique of steak plate isolation, and how to perform it.
  2. Capsule staining, Acid-fast staining, endospore staining: Understand the principle of each type of differential staining. Know the procedures and trouble shootings. If asked, you should be able to perform it successfully from a given a culture. Be able to recognize a particular staining if a pre-stained slide is provided.
  3. Control of bacterial growth:Know the mode of action for each of the chemicals tested in the lab and how they can be used on microorganisms of specific characteristics. Be able to design an experiment to evaluate a chemical’s effectiveness as an antimicrobial. Be able to evaluate the effectiveness if a set of data from an experiment is provided.
UV: Understand the mechanism of UV damage. How it can be used for bacterial control. Know how to test the effectiveness of UV against microbes and factors that may interfere in its antimicrobial activity.
  1. Conjugation: Know how bacterial conjugation works and the outcome of the process. Be able to apply the technique in testing genetic material transfer in bacteria and analyze results from experiments similar to the one conducted in class.

MBAA 523 Problem Set 4 Define the short-run and long-run and provide an aviation example


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MBAA 523
Problem Set 4
1. Define the short-run and long-run and provide an aviation example.
2. In the short-run, Airbus manufactures aircraft at its existing factories; however, labor and other inputs such as those components purchased from suppliers (engines are one example) are variable. Airbus has received a substantial number of new orders and will increase its monthly aircraft production rate. Explain why the MPL will decrease above some level of labor as more workers are added. How does this decrease in MPL result in an increase in MC?
3. The table shows the marginal product of labor for a manufacturing firm in the short-run. The cost of an additional worker is $100 per day including benefits. The product sells for $2 per unit. Compute the value of the marginal product of labor. How many workers will the firm hire?
Labor (L)MPLVMPL
0

174
2168
3238
4284
5306
6304
7278
8228
9154
1056
11-66
4. NEW DELHI -- Each fall at harvest time, Leela Dhar Rajput used to hire 25 farm hands to work from dawn to dusk every day for a week bringing in the rice crop on his 20 acres of land in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. This year, he plans to use a combine harvester instead. With the machine and the help of two or three men, he expects to finish the job in a single day. Indian agriculture is belatedly engaged in a mechanical revolution, boosting productivity in a sector that has long relied on cheap, surplus labor to tend crops in the world's second most populous country. Job opportunities in factories and services, plus the government's rural job-creation program guaranteeing 100 days of employment a year on public-works projects, have drained the pool of workers in villages. "I just can't find enough people to do the hard work in the fields anymore," says Mr. Rajput. [Mukherji, B. (2013, October 29). India's Farmers Mechanize. WSJ, B8.]
Show and label the amount of capital (K) and labor (L) employed with the displayed isocost line and then insert a new isocost reflecting a substantial increase in the price of labor. Mr. Rajput intends to harvest the same quantity of rice as last year. Show and explain the effect on the K and L employed.









K




L

5. Complete the table (the easiest method is to do the computation in MS Excel). Create a line graph of AFC, AVC, ATC, and MC (in Excel, select the 4 columns, then Insert/Line, and choose the first graph option). Explain the reason for the shape of each curve. The completed table and graph can be copied and pasted into this document. Hint: Be certain that your line graph looks similar to those in Baye (your graph will not be as smooth as in Baye). If not, there is likely an error in your computations.
QFCVCTCAFCAVCATCMC
0$10,000





100




$200
200




125
300




133.34
400




150
500




200
600




250
6. Define economies of scale. Is there evidence of economies of scale in the airline industry? (Hint: Consider Low-Cost-Carriers). In large commercial aircraft manufacturing?

ECN 100 Homework 4 Assignment:In Chapter 6 of the text and in lecture we are introduced to the concept of technology...


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In Chapter 6 of the text and in lecture we are introduced to the concept of technology and production. Technology is the way things (goods and services) and put together and this technology embodies all of the wisdom, tools, and know-how that goes into the making of things. For example, the technology of today’s dental care (a service) includes high speed drills, pain killers, and years of study in graduate school.
The production function tells us that for a given technology, what combinations of factors of production yield us output. We say that:
X = F ( K , L ) which means that there is a functional relationship between capital, labor, and the output of “X”.
Ultimately, we will need the production function and its underlying technology to help us define the cost curves for the firm. After all, cost will be the use of factors by the firm to produce a quantity of “X” multiplied by the price paid for these factors.
From our derivation of cost structures that come form the Production Function, we can derive the supply curve for the firm – the price each firm will need to cover costs at different output levels.
The production function tells us the amounts of factors we need to produce any given quantity of a good or service. It also tells us the cheapest and most efficient way to do this. (That is, the production function tells us how X is being produced with factors of production and the best available technology.)
We use isoquants to depict the production function in a two dimensional world. Between the use of capital (K) and labor (L), the isoquant tells us at what rate the two factors must be substituted against each other to keep production at certain level. Just like the indifference curves that describe an individual’s utility function, isoquants can be seen as contour lines on a map whose position and height in the two-dimensions is determined by the underlying technology of production.
We will eventually see that in the SHORT RUN, at least one factor is fixed for the firm and its quantity used in production cannot be changed. In the LONGRUN, all factors can be changed.
Isoquants can tell us many things: they can tell the degree to which factors of production are complements, substitutes, and how for a given level of production, they can be traded at the rate of MRTS – marginal rate of technical substitution (also referred to in the textbook as the RTS). The MRTS, or slope of the isoquant is negative, it falls as you substitute one factor for another, and it is the ratio between the marginal physical
products of the individual factors.

That is: MRTS between capital (vertical axis) and labor (horizontal axis) = MPP(labor)/MPP(capital). This also can be written as MPL/MPK.
We can also show with isoquants whether or not a production function exhibits constant, increasing, or decreasing returns to scale.
So, let’s get to the homework:
(1) Is it possible for a firm to have two isoquants that cross over each other? Could a firm’s isoquant ever slope upward? Why or why not?
(2) A firm has a production function of the form Q = K (1/2)*L (1/2) where the (1/2s) are the exponents. What is the output if the firm uses 9 units of labor and 4 units of capital? If the firm doubles its input levels, what happens to the level of output? Does this firm’s production function exhibit constant, increasing, or decreasing returns to scale?
(3) Let’s assume that your GOAL is to maximize your “output” that you define as getting an “A” course grade in ECN 100 at UCD. How would you go about constructing a production function (the inputs) that would help you achieve this result? How would each of the factors relate to the desired output? How would you go about assessing the marginal productivity of each of the factors of “production” in this case?
Okay – now chose one of your factors of production that is an input to the getting of the a grade as THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR, and state how the available level of technology would affect its role as an input to the desire output, X = grade.
(4) Do you realize that you have your OWN PERSONAL production function?
The value or ability of whatever you produce is a function of the various inputs that you put to productive use working with your body and mind. Now, think of an important output goal you would like to achieve (like getting a Law Degree or becoming a bicycle racer, or whatever) and devise an “input” strategy to reach this goal in an effective manner. Once you decide on these inputs, how do you think the current level of Technology helps determine how these inputs will work in your efforts to produce an output result? This is an important problem and we will also discuss it in lecture.
(5) What might be the three most important inputs to the following production activities?
The manufacture of Honda Civics
The growing of organic lettuce
Nordstrom Department Store
Your ability to do math problems
Running for political office
A Jamaba Juice® franchise.
Now choose two inputs to the production of a Jamba Juice smoothie, and draw an isoquant map. Show how a technological change would alter the map so that the Jamba Juice Corp. uses more of one of your chosen inputs relative to the other input. What would you expect to happen to the MRTS (MPL/MPK) after this change? Show how technological change would alter the isoquant map so that more smoothies could be
produced with less of all inputs.
(6) What does it mean when we say that the marginal rate of technical substitution (RTS) has a “negative” sign? If the RTS = MPL/MPK, and the ratio of MPL/MPK is rising along along an isoquant, are we moving up or down the isoquant? Given that we are either moving up or down the isoquant, what is the significance of the change in the ratio of the marginal products of the two inputs, labor and capital?
(7) A firm faces an input technology that does NOT allow substitution between the two inputs, labor and capital. Draw a possible isoquant map for this firm. Okay, now technology changes in a way that still does NOT allow substitution between the units at any level of production, but uses more of one of the inputs relative to the other. How does that change the isoquant map? Now, suddenly a new technology arises whereby all of the output is produced with capital without labor (say, completely robotic production).
How does that change in isoquant map?
(8) Let’s say that you want to go into Frozen Yoghurt Shop that offers a huge assortment of yoghurt flavors, serving sizes, fat contents, and toppings. The output of the shop is the variety of yoghurt products and the pleasant environment of eating the ice cream. Okay, name FIVE important inputs to the production function of this ice cream shop. Which of these inputs would you classify generally as capital input and which as a labor input?

Here you see that a production function in the real world can have many, many inputs. However, when we simplify our production function into a two-dimensional space and two major input-types, labor and capital, we do not stray far from the reality of business. Our theory is sound!
(9) This question might take some thought - How do you think that the Microsoft Word® word processing software has improved the productivity of individuals who have to write documents. How would you depict this productivity and its change with an isoquant map with two main inputs (you choose the inputs). What does your map say about the relative marginal products of your inputs and how might these marginal products change with the invention and use of the Word program?
(10) A technology is invented that makes labor and capital perfect substitutes in the production of candy. Draw an isoquant map for candy. Now, from your original drawing of the isoquant map, assume that the marginal product of labor suddenly falls relative to capital, but the inputs in candy production remain as perfect substitutes. How does that change your isoquant map?
(11) Here is a “dynamic technology” question – When it comes to automobile production it is an accepted fact that American automakers did not readily adopt and use Asian and European technologies in the production of cars. The result was a loss of global markets for the American producers. So the USA government imposed tariffs and other restrictions on the import of foreign cars. In response the European and Asians constructed production plants in the USA in low-cost, non-union states like Tennessee
and Kentucky. As a result the Americans (especially in the Detroit factories) then begin to integrate the Asian and European technologies into the production to compete with the new arrivals. Part of the new technology was to substitute capital (adding robots) for labor in the production of cars.
Using isoquant maps, show the typical American car maker production function prior to the new arrivals. How might the maps change after the new arrivals arrived? What might be different between the two isoquant maps with respect to the height of the maps and the expected RTSs on the maps?

Embassy Club Condominium, located on the west coast of Florida, is undertaking a summer renovation of its main building



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1. Embassy Club Condominium, located on the west coast of Florida, is undertaking a summer renovation of its main building. The project is scheduled to begin May 1, and a September 1 (17-week) completion
date is desired. The condominium manager identified the following renovation activities and their estimated times:
Immediate
Activity Predecessor Time
A --- 3
B --- 1
C --- 2
D A, B, C 4
E C, D 5
F A 3
G D, F 6
H E 4

a.    Draw a project network.
b.    What are the critical activities?
c.    What activity has the most slack time?
d.    Will the project be completed by September 1?

2. At a local university, the Student Commission on Programming and Entertainment (SCOPE) is preparing
to host its first rock concert of the school year. To successfully produce this rock concert, SCOPE has listed
the requisite activities and related information in the following table (duration estimates measured in days).

Immediate Most
Activity Predecessor(s) Optimistic Probable Pessimistic

A: Negotiate contract --- 8 10 15
with selected
musicians
B: Reserve site --- 7 8 9
C: Manage travel A 5 6 10
logistics for musicalgroup
D: Screen & hire B 3 3 3
security personnel
E: Arrange advertising B, C 1 5 9
& ticketing
F: Hire parking staff D 4 7 10
G: Arrange concession E 3 8 10
Sales

a.    Draw the project network.
b.    Compute the expected duration and variance of each activity.
c.    Determine the critical path in the project network.
d.    What is the expected duration and variance of the critical path?
e.    What is the likelihood that the project will be completed within 30 days?
f.    If activity B is delayed by six days beyond its early start time, how does this affect the expected project duration?

3. Doug Casey is in charge of planning and coordinating next spring’s sale management training program for his company. Doug listed the following activity information for this project:

Time (weeks)
Immediate
Activity Description Predecessor Optimistic Most Probable Pessimistic
A Plan topic --- 1.5 2.0 2.5
B Obtain speakers A 2.0 2.5 6.0
C List meeting --- 1.0 2.0 3.0
locations
D Select locations C 1.5 2.0 2.5
E Finalize speaker B, D 0.5 1.0 1.5
travel plans
F Make final check E 1.0 2.0 3.0
with speakers
G Prepare and mail B, D 3.0 3.5 7.0
Brochure
H Take reservations G 3.0 4.0 5.0
I Handle last minute F, H 1.5 2.0 2.5
details

a.    Draw a project network.
b.    Prepare an activity schedule.
c.    What are the critical activities and what is the expected project completion time?
d.    If Doug wants a 0.99 probability of completing the project on time, how far ahead of the scheduled meeting date should he begin working on the project?

Miller Company manufactures a product for which materials are added at the beginning of the manufacturing process.

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1. Miller Company manufactures a product for which materials are added at the beginning of the manufacturing process. A review of the company's inventory and cost records for the most recently completed year revealed the following information: Units Materials
Conversion Work in process. Jan. 1 (80% complete with respect to conversion costs) 100,000 $100,000 $157,500 Units started into production 500,000 Costs added during the year: Materials $650,000 Conversion $997,500 Units completed during the year 450,000 The
company uses the weighted-average cost method in its process costing system. The ending inventory is 50% complete with respect to conversion costs. Required: i. Compute the equivalent units of production and the cost per equivalent units for materials and
for conversion costs. ii. Determine the cost transferred to finished goods. iii. Determine the amount of cost that should be assigned to the ending work in process inventory.

 2.Weisinger Corporation has provided the following data for the month of January:
Inventories Beginning Ending Raw materials $28,000 $29,000 Work In process $16,000 $14,000 Finished goods $42,000 $54,000 Additional Information Raw material purchases $56,000 Direct labor costs $87,000 Manufacturing overhead cost incurred $51,000 Indirect
materials included in manufacturing overhead costs incurred $3,000 Manufacturing overhead cost applied to work in process $55,000 Prepare a Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured and a Schedule of Cost of Goods Sold in good form.

BUS 204 - Below are the scores achieved during the first half of Bus 204 in a prior semester and the final overall total

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QuestionQ1
Below are the scores achieved during the first half of Bus 204 in a
prior semester and the final overall total course score. How well do
these averages predict the final course score?

Q1 and 2
Q Average

13%
26%
52%
93%
73%
55%
82%
68%
62%
30%
88%
86%
63%
42%
68%
28%
59%
61%
60%
50%
35%
41%
58%
64%
36%
48%
64%
62%
22%
48%
83%
55%
51%
64%
31%
57%
44%
29%
66%
93%
68%
34%
66%
18%
63%
60%
65%
78%
70%
63%

First half grades
HW 1-6
HW Average MT Score

58%
49%
106%
102%
96%
102%
102%
94%
94%
94%
102%
101%
97%
76%
95%
61%
103%
103%
74%
67%
83%
96%
94%
94%
83%
100%
98%
97%
87%
78%
101%
103%
77%
95%
34%
71%
73%
53%
98%
102%
101%
82%
106%
15%
103%
102%
73%
98%
98%
97%

81%
69%
68%
80%
81%
68%
96%
85%
77%
86%
72%
82%
85%
65%
82%
47%
70%
111%
82%
97%
81%
82%
86%
59%
59%
61%
92%
53%
49%
62%
74%
76%
38%
93%
43%
65%
55%
65%
92%
103%
76%
62%
73%
41%
80%
81%
49%
100%
69%
66%

Total

75%
67%
69%
86%
92%
79%
92%
77%
83%
88%
90%
92%
78%
70%
88%
61%
73%
102%
78%
88%
80%
79%
86%
77%
66%
77%
93%
76%
61%
65%
87%
78%
61%
90%
50%
68%
61%
51%
93%
93%
91%
64%
81%
49%
85%
93%
63%
91%
78%
84%

Question 2
The data below show the value of a $1 investment in the S&P 500 at the end of 1926 and how it would have grown to the end of 2009 with dividends reinvested.
Graph these values on a line chart, then use Excel's Trendline and test every regression option it offers, including all the polynomial options. Of all the
regressions, which form yields the highest R Squared?

Year
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

Return

21.7%
-17.7%
-28.3%
-41.0%
-2.9%
106.5%
12.1%
32.9%
37.9%
-27.5%
15.6%
-8.7%
-0.1%
10.2%
20.2%
39.8%
23.9%
39.4%
-14.9%
-0.2%
-6.7%
7.9%
29.0%
13.2%
7.7%
2.5%
42.4%
16.4%
6.2%
-8.1%
41.0%
26.9%
5.1%
14.6%
-2.5%
17.2%
10.3%
21.0%
-7.0%
43.4%
34.9%
-6.2%
-0.7%
28.5%
22.0%
-14.7%
-20.0%
47.8%
32.9%
21.6%
25.2%
32.0%
32.5%
4.4%
10.5%
35.5%
4.3%
41.9%
24.0%
17.3%
33.8%
30.5%
-16.0%
34.9%
8.4%
43.4%
3.2%
14.2%
14.6%
7.2%
-3.6%
28.2%
1.1%
7.9%
-7.5%
61.7%
27.8%
16.0%
24.3%
8.9%
-41.5%
55.6%
24.7%
-11.9%
18.4%
29.1%

Example: Grippo
Grippo Golf Glove Company maeks two different brands of golf gloves. One is a full-fingered glove
and the other is a half-fingered model. Grippo currently has orders for more gloves than it can produce
in time for the upcoming golf season. The scarace resource in the manufacture of these gloves is
labor time. Grippo has available 400 hours in the cutting and sewing department, 250 hours in the
finishing department, and 150 hours in the pacckaging and shipping department. The department
time requirements and the profit per box (1gross) are given below:
Cutting and
Sewing

Full Finger
Half Finger

Finishing

Packaging
and Shipping

Profit

3
1.5

1.5
2

1
1

$20
$25

Find the optimal product mix for
Grippo, assuming Co. wants to
Maximize profit

Linear Programming On Excel
Example: Doc's Dogs
Doc's Dog Kennels, Inc., provides overnight lodging for a variety of pets. A particular
feature at Doc's is the quality of care the pets receive, including excellent food. The
kennel's dog food is made by mixing two brand-name dog food products to obtain what
Doc's calls the "well balanced dog diet" The data for the two dog foods are below:
Dog Food

Bark Bits
Canine Chow

Cost per
Ounce

Protein (percent)

Fat (Percent)

$0.025
$0.030

30
40

20
10

If Doc wants to be sure that his dogs receive at least 6 ounces of protein and 2 ounces
of fat per day, what is the minimum cost mix of the two dog food products?

Mary Annette's Puppet Shop spends $10,000 per month on internet advertising to sell its toys. Google costs $.50 per click, Yahoo, $.30 per click, and Facebook,
$.40 per click. The CEO wants to make sure the company spends at least 25% of its budget on each vendor. Each click on Google yields $3 in profit, Yahoo,
$2, Facebook, $1. The Shop must sign a contract specifying the maximum number of clicks it will buy per month. What is the maximum number of clicks it
should buy from each vendor to maximize its profits? (Hint: Let X1 = dollars spent on Google, X2 = dollars spent on Yahoo, X3 = dollars spent on Facebook.)

Question 4

The manager of a "6/10 Market" opens his store at 6AM, closes at 10PM. He wants at least 4 workers on duty during every
hour of the week, 6 on weekends. Each worker works the standard 5-8 plan. Use Solver to solve this staff scheduling problem
(see "Demand Matrix ") using the integer constraint. How many workers will be needed? (Hint - This will not have a perfect
solution with zero surpluses and shortages.)

INPUTS:
DEMAND MATRIX A: Enter the number of workers needed each 2 hour span.
Shift
Shift
Sun
Mon
Tue
Wed
12AM-2AM
1
0
0
0
0
2AM-4AM
2
0
0
0
0
4AM-6AM
3
0
0
0
0
6AM-8AM
4
6
3
3
3
8AM-10AM
5
6
3
3
3
10AM-12PM
6
7
4
4
4
12PM-2PM
7
7
4
4
4
2PM-4PM
8
7
4
4
4
4PM-6PM
9
7
4
4
4
6PM-8PM
10
7
4
4
4
8PM-10PM
11
7
4
3
3
10PM-12AM
12
0
0
0
0

Thu
Fri
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
5
3
5
0
0
Total Workerhours:
Unadjusted Workers Required:

Sat
0
0
0
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
0
520
13

Question 5
The Blisters Saddle Company manufactures its saddles in three plants and sells them in four
regions. The cost to transport a unit from each plant to each region is shown. Also shown is
the anticipated demand this quarter from each region and the capacity that each plant will
have in terms of how many units it can supply this quarter. Determine the optimal shipping
plan to minimize shipping costs.

Transportation Cost Matrix: Cost per Unit Shipped From
Each Plant to Each Region
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 3
Demand

East
$21.55
$11.29
$15.34
210

North
$10.00
$18.79
$11.38
160

South
$22.67
$22.93
$10.52
110

West
$23.97
$10.34
$15.52
200

Supply
200
250
350

Based on the asset allocation problem solved in class, start with a 100% allocation to the S&P 500. Assume the investor wants to
maximimze the minimum return she would have experienced over all 30 year-periods 1928-2013 using the equity asset

classes shown below. She also wants to track the expected returns and the worst one year loss. Use Solver to determine
the best allocation to achieve this. (Hints: Use GRG Nonlinear as the solution method and only constraint needed is that
the allocations must sum to 100%.)

Q6.

Optimization
"How should I allocate the money in my portfolio to maximize minimum returns?"
INPUTS:
Objective: Maximize Minimum Return over 30 years
Subject to Constraints:
Sum of Allocations = 100%
OUTPUTS:
Minimum 30-year return (based on all 30-year returns):
Expected 30-Year Return (based on all 30-year returns):
Worst one year loss:
Allocation:
100%

0%

0%

0%

0%

US Stocks
S&P 500
-Large Cap Large Cap Small Cap
Year
Blend
Growth
Growth
37.5%
44.2%
28.4%
1928
-10.8%
-10.1%
-35.5%
1929
-28.2%
-29.5%
-35.3%
1930
-43.6%
-37.2%
-45.8%
1931
-8.5%
-6.3%
-0.3%
1932
51.0%
47.1%
108.0%
1933
3.0%
10.8%
18.6%
1934
43.1%
39.7%
54.1%
1935
30.1%
24.5%
47.1%
1936
-33.4%
-34.1%
-44.2%
1937
26.4%
36.7%
37.3%
1938
3.0%
1.3%
3.7%
1939
-7.6%
-9.0%
-5.0%
1940
-10.4%
-13.4%
-8.1%
1941
14.9%
15.6%
25.2%
1942
25.4%
24.0%
52.9%
1943
18.8%
16.0%
40.0%
1944
34.8%
33.3%
59.2%
1945
-5.6%
-7.9%
-9.9%
1946
3.7%
1.2%
-2.3%
1947
2.4%
2.9%
-3.4%
1948
19.8%
21.2%
19.9%
1949
28.3%
20.3%
33.9%
1950
20.9%
19.8%
14.6%
1951
13.5%
12.5%
9.3%
1952
0.7%
3.5%
-2.2%
1953
48.8%
42.8%
53.0%
1954
25.5%
22.5%
19.4%
1955
7.9%
9.6%
6.4%
1956
-9.9%
-8.8%
-15.9%
1957
42.8%
42.0%
57.1%
1958
11.7%
9.2%
16.2%
1959
1.1%
3.6%
-2.7%
1960
26.3%
25.9%
27.4%
1961
-9.5%
-10.2%
-15.0%
1962
21.1%
20.0%
17.5%
1963
15.6%
14.4%
15.5%
1964
11.9%
12.7%
32.5%
1965
-9.3%
-9.9%
-6.1%
1966
23.5%
22.6%
58.9%
1967
11.1%
6.6%
29.6%
1968
-9.4%
-1.5%
-19.9%
1969
1.3%
-3.4%
-8.6%
1970
15.5%
23.2%
19.0%
1971
17.8%
16.7%
5.5%
1972
-16.9%
-25.2%
-31.0%
1973
-27.9%
-25.3%
-23.3%
1974
36.2%
34.7%
69.6%
1975
24.5%
15.9%
41.1%
1976
-5.7%
-6.8%
21.3%
1977
6.5%
9.3%
22.3%
1978
21.1%
17.9%
48.7%
1979
32.1%
38.9%
50.3%
1980
-4.1%
-7.9%
-1.3%
1981
20.3%
28.9%
27.6%
1982
21.6%
18.4%
28.7%
1983
5.7%
2.3%
-11.7%
1984
32.2%
38.2%
34.1%
1985
17.4%
14.7%
9.0%
1986
2.9%
1.4%
-8.0%
1987
17.2%
16.7%
24.2%
1988
30.2%
30.6%
20.1%
1989
-4.6%
-1.3%
-13.3%
1990
32.6%
47.7%
46.6%
1991
8.2%
5.5%
15.3%
1992
9.6%
-0.6%
11.5%
1993
0.1%
2.9%
-0.7%
1994
37.0%
39.7%
25.1%
1995
21.7%
27.3%
17.4%
1996
31.9%
31.1%
23.0%
1997
27.5%
34.1%
-1.2%
1998
21.7%
22.6%
28.8%
1999
-9.3%
-9.7%
2.4%
2000
-13.0%
-12.8%
9.9%
2001
-22.1%
-21.3%
-13.8%
2002
28.5%
21.8%
39.5%
2003
10.7%
8.4%
20.7%
2004
5.8%
2.2%
7.0%
2005
14.8%
10.9%
14.8%
2006
6.4%
10.3%
2.2%
2007
-36.7%
-30.0%
-36.9%
2008
27.2%
26.7%
31.5%
2009
15.5%
17.9%
29.1%
2010
1.1%
6.4%
1.8%
2011
15.9%
15.3%
15.6%
2012
31.9%
33.3%
41.8%
2013

Avg.
Max
Min
Stdev

0%

0%

International - Developed

Total
Market

Developed Total Market

0%

0%

International - Emerging

34.9%
-16.1%
-33.8%
-50.0%
-7.9%
83.5%
4.9%
46.5%
38.6%
-38.5%
29.4%
-1.8%
-6.3%
-7.6%
19.7%
36.4%
28.3%
47.2%
-7.0%
2.8%
-0.6%
18.7%
36.1%
18.0%
11.9%
-2.4%
55.0%
21.4%
8.4%
-13.4%
51.4%
12.6%
-0.4%
27.4%
-10.7%
20.3%
17.4%
21.8%
-8.0%
38.2%
23.4%
-18.2%
-0.7%
15.6%
10.7%
-22.6%
-25.4%
46.0%
38.5%
4.2%
11.7%
29.6%
30.7%
2.2%
23.8%
29.1%
2.8%
30.9%
14.2%
-0.8%
21.8%
24.0%
-12.5%
35.1%
15.4%
16.2%
-0.6%
34.4%
20.7%
30.2%
10.0%
19.8%
1.0%
-0.7%
-18.8%
39.5%
15.8%
7.4%
17.0%
1.0%
-38.5%
32.1%
21.3%
-2.5%
17.4%
37.1%

35.2%
-22.4%
-41.1%
-54.3%
-10.6%
127.0%
1.7%
52.2%
58.9%
-48.0%
33.6%
-7.6%
-6.1%
-5.1%
28.9%
56.8%
41.4%
63.7%
-11.9%
2.5%
-3.9%
18.3%
50.0%
12.3%
11.0%
-8.1%
62.1%
19.8%
5.4%
-18.7%
64.3%
16.8%
-7.7%
28.1%
-10.5%
24.3%
22.3%
36.5%
-9.6%
63.1%
42.6%
-25.8%
-3.4%
18.7%
6.8%
-28.4%
-21.5%
62.0%
53.9%
16.5%
18.4%
35.1%
24.6%
13.4%
31.5%
41.7%
-1.2%
27.9%
7.5%
-2.8%
29.9%
15.4%
-23.7%
44.3%
30.4%
22.7%
1.0%
30.6%
23.1%
32.9%
-3.2%
12.7%
19.5%
19.3%
-15.5%
60.7%
22.6%
7.6%
18.6%
-7.8%
-36.2%
46.0%
27.5%
-6.9%
19.2%
42.1%

9.2%
-9.9%
-20.4%
-34.8%
4.1%
77.0%
10.3%
6.4%
12.4%
-7.9%
-8.1%
-12.4%
7.4%
27.7%
1.8%
14.4%
-7.6%
4.5%
-23.3%
-4.5%
-8.3%
-6.7%
6.7%
11.3%
0.8%
12.3%
31.0%
8.0%
-1.0%
0.7%
21.7%
44.7%
13.5%
5.4%
-5.4%
7.4%
-1.8%
-3.3%
-9.7%
23.5%
24.4%
5.4%
-7.4%
31.8%
36.8%
-10.4%
-21.1%
33.8%
5.3%
20.0%
32.2%
9.8%
25.3%
-1.7%
-3.7%
24.6%
9.2%
53.7%
63.7%
25.6%
31.1%
18.6%
-21.0%
19.3%
-8.3%
39.3%
11.3%
4.9%
5.3%
-6.8%
14.0%
26.6%
-8.6%
-16.8%
-9.0%
51.6%
26.6%
18.5%
26.9%
9.2%
-45.1%
39.5%
14.1%
-15.2%
17.0%
22.6%

Small Cap
11.2%
-8.6%
-19.3%
-34.2%
5.8%
82.9%
13.0%
8.7%
14.9%
-6.5%
-6.7%
-11.4%
9.3%
30.6%
4.2%
17.2%
-5.4%
7.0%
-22.4%
-2.8%
-7.1%
-5.2%
8.9%
13.6%
2.7%
14.6%
33.4%
10.4%
1.1%
2.5%
24.0%
47.9%
16.1%
6.9%
-3.1%
9.7%
-0.2%
-1.2%
-8.1%
26.1%
27.5%
8.0%
-5.3%
35.4%
40.3%
-8.4%
-20.1%
36.7%
7.7%
23.0%
35.3%
12.9%
28.7%
-0.1%
-3.3%
35.7%
10.6%
72.0%
55.3%
52.4%
33.3%
36.8%
-17.9%
4.2%
-22.1%
44.2%
8.2%
3.0%
2.5%
-15.9%
8.6%
20.3%
-3.0%
-7.4%
2.8%
65.2%
33.8%
22.9%
26.3%
5.2%
-43.1%
46.4%
18.1%
-15.9%
17.1%
31.1%

Total Market
1.7%
-9.0%
-8.8%
-16.7%
-3.5%
85.0%
24.6%
11.2%
18.3%
-4.5%
-4.4%
-15.4%
-0.2%
19.7%
19.7%
24.8%
18.3%
20.1%
-12.3%
-1.4%
-14.3%
-3.5%
8.8%
10.6%
5.6%
7.3%
1.9%
13.4%
13.4%
2.3%
2.5%
17.8%
17.7%
-12.7%
22.3%
10.8%
-3.9%
11.9%
-1.0%
12.3%
28.5%
21.0%
16.1%
39.2%
31.7%
15.4%
-12.9%
13.8%
17.7%
26.0%
20.9%
38.5%
36.8%
-4.8%
-25.1%
23.3%
14.5%
26.4%
12.5%
24.1%
43.2%
69.3%
-10.4%
64.0%
12.7%
79.6%
-1.5%
-12.8%
8.1%
-22.9%
-22.1%
60.1%
-31.8%
1.3%
-3.8%
64.1%
31.6%
27.8%
34.8%
45.6%
-53.6%
89.6%
24.4%
-21.5%
20.0%
-3.5%

Value
6.3%
-8.9%
-12.0%
-23.3%
0.2%
99.0%
26.3%
13.6%
21.5%
-4.4%
-4.4%
-15.2%
4.1%
27.5%
19.4%
27.7%
15.3%
20.6%
-15.9%
-0.7%
-12.9%
-3.2%
11.6%
14.5%
7.0%
12.0%
13.3%
15.9%
13.1%
4.1%
10.9%
31.2%
21.4%
-7.3%
19.4%
13.5%
-2.0%
11.1%
-2.0%
19.9%
34.1%
21.7%
13.4%
45.6%
40.7%
11.9%
-15.8%
24.4%
18.7%
30.6%
30.0%
38.1%
41.5%
-2.7%
-20.8%
29.6%
17.3%
41.4%
32.6%
30.6%
48.8%
53.0%
1.0%
39.5%
-5.5%
105.4%
5.3%
-8.3%
12.7%
-21.9%
-19.1%
66.2%
-27.4%
3.9%
-0.1%
75.9%
35.5%
29.0%
39.2%
48.1%
-51.7%
101.0%
24.7%
-25.7%
20.3%
-4.6%

11.1%
47.7%
-37.2%

15.0%
108.0%
-45.8%

13.0%
83.5%
-50.0%

11.0%
51.0%
-43.6%

16.5%
127.0%
-54.3%

9.5%
77.0%
-45.1%

12.0%
82.9%
-43.1%

13.3%
89.6%
-53.6%

16.2%
105.4%
-51.7%

19.7%

27.2%

22.9%

19.6%

29.8%

20.9%

22.8%

25.5%

27.5%

Based on the asset allocation problem solved in class, start with a 100% allocation to the S&P 500. Assume the investor wants to
maximimze the minimum return she would have experienced over all 30 year-periods since 1927. She also wants the worst one year
return to be no more than -35%. Use Solver to determine the best allocation to achieve this.

Q7

Optimization
"How should I allocate the money in my portfolio to maximize returns?"
INPUTS:
Objective: Maximize Minimum Return over 30 years
Subject to Constraints:
Sum of Allocations = 100%
Worst one year loss permitted:
35%
OUTPUTS:
Minimum 30-year return (based on all 30-year returns):
Expected 30-Year Return (based on all 30-year returns):
Worst one year loss:
100%

0%

0%

0%

0%

US Stocks
S&P 500
-Large Cap Large Cap Small Cap
Year
Blend
Growth
Growth
37.5%
44.2%
28.4%
1928
-10.8%
-10.1%
-35.5%
1929
-28.2%
-29.5%
-35.3%
1930
-43.6%
-37.2%
-45.8%
1931
-8.5%
-6.3%
-0.3%
1932
51.0%
47.1%
108.0%
1933
3.0%
10.8%
18.6%
1934
43.1%
39.7%
54.1%
1935
30.1%
24.5%
47.1%
1936
-33.4%
-34.1%
-44.2%
1937
26.4%
36.7%
37.3%
1938
3.0%
1.3%
3.7%
1939
-7.6%
-9.0%
-5.0%
1940
-10.4%
-13.4%
-8.1%
1941
14.9%
15.6%
25.2%
1942
25.4%
24.0%
52.9%
1943
18.8%
16.0%
40.0%
1944
34.8%
33.3%
59.2%
1945
-5.6%
-7.9%
-9.9%
1946
3.7%
1.2%
-2.3%
1947
2.4%
2.9%
-3.4%
1948
19.8%
21.2%
19.9%
1949
28.3%
20.3%
33.9%
1950
20.9%
19.8%
14.6%
1951
13.5%
12.5%
9.3%
1952
0.7%
3.5%
-2.2%
1953
48.8%
42.8%
53.0%
1954
25.5%
22.5%
19.4%
1955
7.9%
9.6%
6.4%
1956
-9.9%
-8.8%
-15.9%
1957
42.8%
42.0%
57.1%
1958
11.7%
9.2%
16.2%
1959
1.1%
3.6%
-2.7%
1960
26.3%
25.9%
27.4%
1961
-9.5%
-10.2%
-15.0%
1962
21.1%
20.0%
17.5%
1963
15.6%
14.4%
15.5%
1964
11.9%
12.7%
32.5%
1965
-9.3%
-9.9%
-6.1%
1966
23.5%
22.6%
58.9%
1967
11.1%
6.6%
29.6%
1968
-9.4%
-1.5%
-19.9%
1969
1.3%
-3.4%
-8.6%
1970
15.5%
23.2%
19.0%
1971
17.8%
16.7%
5.5%
1972
-16.9%
-25.2%
-31.0%
1973
-27.9%
-25.3%
-23.3%
1974
36.2%
34.7%
69.6%
1975
24.5%
15.9%
41.1%
1976
-5.7%
-6.8%
21.3%
1977
6.5%
9.3%
22.3%
1978
21.1%
17.9%
48.7%
1979
32.1%
38.9%
50.3%
1980
-4.1%
-7.9%
-1.3%
1981
20.3%
28.9%
27.6%
1982
21.6%
18.4%
28.7%
1983
5.7%
2.3%
-11.7%
1984
32.2%
38.2%
34.1%
1985
17.4%
14.7%
9.0%
1986
2.9%
1.4%
-8.0%
1987
17.2%
16.7%
24.2%
1988
30.2%
30.6%
20.1%
1989
-4.6%
-1.3%
-13.3%
1990
32.6%
47.7%
46.6%
1991
8.2%
5.5%
15.3%
1992
9.6%
-0.6%
11.5%
1993
0.1%
2.9%
-0.7%
1994
37.0%
39.7%
25.1%
1995
21.7%
27.3%
17.4%
1996
31.9%
31.1%
23.0%
1997
27.5%
34.1%
-1.2%
1998
21.7%
22.6%
28.8%
1999
-9.3%
-9.7%
2.4%
2000
-13.0%
-12.8%
9.9%
2001
-22.1%
-21.3%
-13.8%
2002
28.5%
21.8%
39.5%
2003
10.7%
8.4%
20.7%
2004
5.8%
2.2%
7.0%
2005
14.8%
10.9%
14.8%
2006
6.4%
10.3%
2.2%
2007
-36.7%
-30.0%
-36.9%
2008
27.2%
26.7%
31.5%
2009
15.5%
17.9%
29.1%
2010
1.1%
6.4%
1.8%
2011
15.9%
15.3%
15.6%
2012
31.9%
33.3%
41.8%
2013

Avg.
Max
Min
Stdev

0%

0%

International - Developed

Total
Market

Developed Total Market

0%

0%

International - Emerging

34.9%
-16.1%
-33.8%
-50.0%
-7.9%
83.5%
4.9%
46.5%
38.6%
-38.5%
29.4%
-1.8%
-6.3%
-7.6%
19.7%
36.4%
28.3%
47.2%
-7.0%
2.8%
-0.6%
18.7%
36.1%
18.0%
11.9%
-2.4%
55.0%
21.4%
8.4%
-13.4%
51.4%
12.6%
-0.4%
27.4%
-10.7%
20.3%
17.4%
21.8%
-8.0%
38.2%
23.4%
-18.2%
-0.7%
15.6%
10.7%
-22.6%
-25.4%
46.0%
38.5%
4.2%
11.7%
29.6%
30.7%
2.2%
23.8%
29.1%
2.8%
30.9%
14.2%
-0.8%
21.8%
24.0%
-12.5%
35.1%
15.4%
16.2%
-0.6%
34.4%
20.7%
30.2%
10.0%
19.8%
1.0%
-0.7%
-18.8%
39.5%
15.8%
7.4%
17.0%
1.0%
-38.5%
32.1%
21.3%
-2.5%
17.4%
37.1%

35.2%
-22.4%
-41.1%
-54.3%
-10.6%
127.0%
1.7%
52.2%
58.9%
-48.0%
33.6%
-7.6%
-6.1%
-5.1%
28.9%
56.8%
41.4%
63.7%
-11.9%
2.5%
-3.9%
18.3%
50.0%
12.3%
11.0%
-8.1%
62.1%
19.8%
5.4%
-18.7%
64.3%
16.8%
-7.7%
28.1%
-10.5%
24.3%
22.3%
36.5%
-9.6%
63.1%
42.6%
-25.8%
-3.4%
18.7%
6.8%
-28.4%
-21.5%
62.0%
53.9%
16.5%
18.4%
35.1%
24.6%
13.4%
31.5%
41.7%
-1.2%
27.9%
7.5%
-2.8%
29.9%
15.4%
-23.7%
44.3%
30.4%
22.7%
1.0%
30.6%
23.1%
32.9%
-3.2%
12.7%
19.5%
19.3%
-15.5%
60.7%
22.6%
7.6%
18.6%
-7.8%
-36.2%
46.0%
27.5%
-6.9%
19.2%
42.1%

9.2%
-9.9%
-20.4%
-34.8%
4.1%
77.0%
10.3%
6.4%
12.4%
-7.9%
-8.1%
-12.4%
7.4%
27.7%
1.8%
14.4%
-7.6%
4.5%
-23.3%
-4.5%
-8.3%
-6.7%
6.7%
11.3%
0.8%
12.3%
31.0%
8.0%
-1.0%
0.7%
21.7%
44.7%
13.5%
5.4%
-5.4%
7.4%
-1.8%
-3.3%
-9.7%
23.5%
24.4%
5.4%
-7.4%
31.8%
36.8%
-10.4%
-21.1%
33.8%
5.3%
20.0%
32.2%
9.8%
25.3%
-1.7%
-3.7%
24.6%
9.2%
53.7%
63.7%
25.6%
31.1%
18.6%
-21.0%
19.3%
-8.3%
39.3%
11.3%
4.9%
5.3%
-6.8%
14.0%
26.6%
-8.6%
-16.8%
-9.0%
51.6%
26.6%
18.5%
26.9%
9.2%
-45.1%
39.5%
14.1%
-15.2%
17.0%
22.6%

Small Cap
11.2%
-8.6%
-19.3%
-34.2%
5.8%
82.9%
13.0%
8.7%
14.9%
-6.5%
-6.7%
-11.4%
9.3%
30.6%
4.2%
17.2%
-5.4%
7.0%
-22.4%
-2.8%
-7.1%
-5.2%
8.9%
13.6%
2.7%
14.6%
33.4%
10.4%
1.1%
2.5%
24.0%
47.9%
16.1%
6.9%
-3.1%
9.7%
-0.2%
-1.2%
-8.1%
26.1%
27.5%
8.0%
-5.3%
35.4%
40.3%
-8.4%
-20.1%
36.7%
7.7%
23.0%
35.3%
12.9%
28.7%
-0.1%
-3.3%
35.7%
10.6%
72.0%
55.3%
52.4%
33.3%
36.8%
-17.9%
4.2%
-22.1%
44.2%
8.2%
3.0%
2.5%
-15.9%
8.6%
20.3%
-3.0%
-7.4%
2.8%
65.2%
33.8%
22.9%
26.3%
5.2%
-43.1%
46.4%
18.1%
-15.9%
17.1%
31.1%

Total Market
1.7%
-9.0%
-8.8%
-16.7%
-3.5%
85.0%
24.6%
11.2%
18.3%
-4.5%
-4.4%
-15.4%
-0.2%
19.7%
19.7%
24.8%
18.3%
20.1%
-12.3%
-1.4%
-14.3%
-3.5%
8.8%
10.6%
5.6%
7.3%
1.9%
13.4%
13.4%
2.3%
2.5%
17.8%
17.7%
-12.7%
22.3%
10.8%
-3.9%
11.9%
-1.0%
12.3%
28.5%
21.0%
16.1%
39.2%
31.7%
15.4%
-12.9%
13.8%
17.7%
26.0%
20.9%
38.5%
36.8%
-4.8%
-25.1%
23.3%
14.5%
26.4%
12.5%
24.1%
43.2%
69.3%
-10.4%
64.0%
12.7%
79.6%
-1.5%
-12.8%
8.1%
-22.9%
-22.1%
60.1%
-31.8%
1.3%
-3.8%
64.1%
31.6%
27.8%
34.8%
45.6%
-53.6%
89.6%
24.4%
-21.5%
20.0%
-3.5%

Value
6.3%
-8.9%
-12.0%
-23.3%
0.2%
99.0%
26.3%
13.6%
21.5%
-4.4%
-4.4%
-15.2%
4.1%
27.5%
19.4%
27.7%
15.3%
20.6%
-15.9%
-0.7%
-12.9%
-3.2%
11.6%
14.5%
7.0%
12.0%
13.3%
15.9%
13.1%
4.1%
10.9%
31.2%
21.4%
-7.3%
19.4%
13.5%
-2.0%
11.1%
-2.0%
19.9%
34.1%
21.7%
13.4%
45.6%
40.7%
11.9%
-15.8%
24.4%
18.7%
30.6%
30.0%
38.1%
41.5%
-2.7%
-20.8%
29.6%
17.3%
41.4%
32.6%
30.6%
48.8%
53.0%
1.0%
39.5%
-5.5%
105.4%
5.3%
-8.3%
12.7%
-21.9%
-19.1%
66.2%
-27.4%
3.9%
-0.1%
75.9%
35.5%
29.0%
39.2%
48.1%
-51.7%
101.0%
24.7%
-25.7%
20.3%
-4.6%

11.1%
47.7%
-37.2%

15.0%
108.0%
-45.8%

13.0%
83.5%
-50.0%

11.0%
51.0%
-43.6%

16.5%
127.0%
-54.3%

9.5%
77.0%
-45.1%

12.0%
82.9%
-43.1%

13.3%
89.6%
-53.6%

16.2%
105.4%
-51.7%

19.7%

27.2%

22.9%

19.6%

29.8%

20.9%

22.8%

25.5%

27.5%

Q8 A

Joe Cool just landed his first serious job at Cook, Books & Hyde, a
major accounting firm in his home town. The HR Department has
asked how much he wants to save each month into his retirement
account. He wonders how much will be in his account if he earns
10% and can save various amounts amounts over various time
periods. He wants to test monthly savings of $25, 50, 75, 100,
125, 150, 175, and $200 and asks you to compute much will be in
the retirement account after spans of 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 years.

Q8B

Tom Swift is an investor but the stock market scares him. He just
learned he can invest some of the money he just inherited in
lottery winnings. Sometimes people who have won a lottery and
opted for a stream of payments change their minds and want to
sell the stream of income for a lump sum. These people can put
up their lottery winnings in an auction where investors can bid on
them. Tom is considering bidding on a stream of income that will
pay $10,000 a year for the next 20 years. He is considering bids
of $50,000, $55,000, $60,000, $65,000... $100,000. He asks you
to compute what return he would get with each bid if he won.
Help Tom out.

Question 4

The manager of a "6/10 Market" opens his store at 6AM, closes at 10PM. He wants at least 4 workers on duty during every
hour of the week, 6 on weekends. He is exploring the idea of using a "4-10 plan." That is, workers work 4 consecutive days, 10
consecutive hours each. Use Solver to solve this staff scheduling problem (see "Demand Matrix ") using the integer constraint.
How many workers will be needed? What do you conclude about the efficiency of the 4-10 plan vs. the 5-8 plan?

INPUTS:
DEMAND MATRIX A: Enter the number of workers needed each 2 hour span.
Shift
Shift
Sun
Mon
Tue
Wed
12AM-2AM
1
0
0
0
0
2AM-4AM
2
0
0
0
0
4AM-6AM
3
0
0
0
0
6AM-8AM
4
6
3
3
3
8AM-10AM
5
6
3
3
3
10AM-12PM
6
7
4
4
4
12PM-2PM
7
7
4
4
4
2PM-4PM
8
7
4
4
4
4PM-6PM
9
7
4
4
4
6PM-8PM
10
7
4
4
4
8PM-10PM
11
7
4
3
3
10PM-12AM
12
0
0
0
0

Thu
Fri
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
5
3
5
0
0
Total Workerhours:
Unadjusted Workers Required:

Sat
0
0
0
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
0
520
13





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